Qualcomm Sahara / Firehose Attack Client / Diag Tools

(c) B. Kerler 2018-2021

Why

• Because we'd like to flexible dump smartphones
• Because attacking firehose is kewl
• Because memory dumping helps to find issues :)

Use Re LiveDVD (everything ready to go, based on Ubuntu):

Download Re Live DVD V2 User: livedvd, Password:livedvd

Installation

Linux (Debian/Ubuntu/Mint/etc):

# Debian/Ubuntu/Mint/etc
sudo apt install adb fastboot python3-dev python3-pip liblzma-dev git
sudo apt purge modemmanager
# Fedora/CentOS/etc
sudo dnf install adb fastboot python3-devel python3-pip xz-devel git

sudo systemctl stop ModemManager
sudo systemctl disable ModemManager
sudo apt purge ModemManager

git clone https://github.com/bkerler/edl.git
cd edl
git submodule update --init --recursive
sudo cp Drivers/51-edl.rules /etc/udev/rules.d
sudo cp Drivers/50-android.rules /etc/udev/rules.d
python setup.py build
sudo python setup.py install

macOS:

brew install libusb git

git clone https://github.com/bkerler/edl.git
cd edl
git submodule update --init --recursive
python setup.py build
sudo python setup.py install

Windows:

Install python + git

• Install python 3.9 and git
• If you install python from microsoft store, "python setup.py install" will fail, but that step isn't required.
• WIN+R cmd

Grab files and install

git clone https://github.com/bkerler/edl
cd edl
git submodule update --init --recursive
pip3 install -r requirements.txt

Get latest UsbDk 64-Bit

• Install normal QC 9008 Serial Port driver (or use default Windows COM Port one, make sure no exclamation is seen)
• Get usbdk installer (.msi) from here and install it
• Test on device connect using "UsbDkController -n" if you see a device with pid 0x9008
• Works fine under Windows 10 and 11 :D

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Get Loaders

You should get these automatically if you do a git submodule update --init --recursive or from here

Convert own EDL loaders for automatic usage

• Make a subdirectory "newstuff", copy your edl loaders to this subdirectory

• fhloaderparse newstuff Loaders

• or sniff existing edl tools using Totalphase Beagle 480, set filter to filter({'inputs': False, 'usb3': False, 'chirps': False, 'dev': 26, 'usb2resets': False, 'sofs': False, 'ep': 1}), export to binary file as "sniffeddata.bin" and then use beagle_to_loader sniffeddata.bin

Install EDL loaders

• mkdir examples
• Copy all your loaders into the examples directory
• fhloaderparse examples Loaders -> will autodetect and rename loader structure and copy them to the "Loaders" directory
• Or rename Loaders manually as "msmid_pkhash[8 bytes].bin" and put them into the Loaders directory

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Run EDL (examples)

Generic

• edl -h -> to see help with all options
• edl server --memory=ufs --tcpport=1340 -> Run TCP/IP server on port 1340, see tcpclient.py for an example client
• edl xml run.xml -> To send a xml file run.xml via firehose
• edl reset -> To reboot the phone
• edl rawxml <xmlstring> -> To send own xml string, example : edl rawxml "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" ?><data><response value=\"ACK\" /></data>
• edl [anycommand] --debugmode -> enables Verbose. Only do that is REALLY needed as it will print out everything happening !

For EMMC Flash

• edl printgpt -> to print gpt on device with emmc
• edl rf flash.bin -> to dump whole flash for device with emmc
• edl rl dumps --skip=userdata --genxml -> to dump all partitions to directory dumps for device with emmc and skipping userdata partition, write rawprogram0.xml
• edl rs 0 15 data.bin -> to dump 15 sectors from starting sector 0 to file data.bin for device with emmc
• edl rs 0 15 data.bin --skipresponse -> to dump 15 sectors from starting sector 0 to file data.bin for device with emmc, ignores missing ACK from phones
• edl r boot_a boot.img -> to dump the partition "boot_a" to the filename boot.img for device with emmc
• edl r boot_a,boot_b boot_a.img,boot_b.img -> to dump multiple partitions to multiple filenames
• edl footer footer.bin -> to dump the crypto footer for Androids with emmc flash
• edl w boot_a boot.img -> to write boot.img to the "boot" partition on lun 0 on the device with emmc flash
• edl w gpt gpt.img -> to write gpt partition table from gpt.img to the first sector on the device with emmc flash
• edl wl dumps -> to write all files from "dumps" folder to according partitions to flash
• edl wf dump.bin -> to write the rawimage dump.bin to flash
• edl e misc -> to erase the partition misc on emmc flash
• edl gpt . --genxml -> dump gpt_main0.bin/gpt_backup0.bin and write rawpartition0.xml to current directory (".")

For UFS Flash

• edl printgpt --memory=ufs --lun=0 -> to print gpt on lun 0
• edl printgpt --memory=ufs -> to print gpt of all lun
• edl rf lun0.bin --memory=ufs --lun=0 -> to dump whole lun 0
• edl rf flash.bin --memory=ufs -> to dump all luns as lun0_flash.bin, lun1_flash.bin, ...
• edl rl dumps --memory=ufs --lun=0 --skip=userdata,vendor_a -> to dump all partitions from lun0 to directory dumps for device with ufs and skip userdata and vendor_a partition
• edl rl dumps --memory=ufs --genxml -> to dump all partitions from all lun to directory dumps and write rawprogram[lun].xml
• edl rs 0 15 data.bin --memory=ufs --lun=0 -> to dump 15 sectors from starting sector 0 from lun 0 to file data.bin
• edl r boot_a boot.img --memory=ufs --lun=4 -> to dump the partition "boot_a" from lun 4 to the filename boot.img
• edl r boot_a boot.img --memory=ufs -> to dump the partition "boot_a" to the filename boot.img using lun autodetection
• edl r boot_a,boot_b boot_a.img,boot_b.img --memory=ufs -> to dump multiple partitions to multiple filenames
• edl footer footer.bin --memory=ufs -> to dump the crypto footer
• edl w boot boot.img --memory=ufs --lun=4 -> to write boot.img to the "boot" partition on lun 4 on the device with ufs flash
• edl w gpt gpt.img --memory=ufs --lun=4 -> to write gpt partition table from gpt.img to the lun 4 on the device with ufs flash
• edl wl dumps --memory=ufs --lun=0 -> to write all files from "dumps" folder to according partitions to flash lun 0
• edl wl dumps --memory=ufs -> to write all files from "dumps" folder to according partitions to flash and try to autodetect lun
• edl wf dump.bin --memory=ufs --lun=0 -> to write the rawimage dump.bin to flash lun 0
• edl e misc --memory=ufs --lun=0 -> to erase the partition misc on lun 0
• edl gpt . --genxml --memory=ufs -> dump gpt_main[lun].bin/gpt_backup[lun].bin and write rawpartition[lun].xml to current directory (".")

QFIL emulation (credits to LyuOnLine):

• For flashing full image:

  edl qfil rawprogram0.xml patch0.xml image_dir
  

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For devices with peek/poke command

• edl peek 0x200000 0x10 mem.bin -> To dump 0x10 bytes from offset 0x200000 to file mem.bin from memory
• edl peekhex 0x200000 0x10 -> To dump 0x10 bytes from offset 0x200000 as hex string from memory
• edl peekqword 0x200000 -> To display a qword (8-bytes) at offset 0x200000 from memory
• edl pokeqword 0x200000 0x400000 -> To write the q-word value 0x400000 to offset 0x200000 in memory
• edl poke 0x200000 mem.bin -> To write the binary file mem.bin to offset 0x200000 in memory
• edl secureboot -> To display secureboot fuses (only on EL3 loaders)
• edl pbl pbl.bin -> To dump pbl (only on EL3 loaders)
• edl qfp qfp.bin -> To dump qfprom fuses (only on EL3 loaders)

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For generic unlocking

• edl modules oemunlock enable -> Unlocks OEM if partition "config" exists, fastboot oem unlock is still needed afterwards

Dump memory (0x900E mode)

• edl memorydump

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Streaming mode (credits to forth32)

Enter streaming mode

Sierra Wireless Modem

• Send AT!BOOTHOLD and AT!QPSTDLOAD to modem port or use modem/boottodwnload.py script
• Send AT!ENTERCND="A710" and then AT!EROPTION=0 for memory dump
• edl --vid 1199 --pid 9070 --loader=loaders/NPRG9x35p.bin printgpt -> To show the partition table

Netgear MR1100

• run boottodownload, device will enter download mode (0x900E pid)
• edl printgpt --loader=Loaders/qualcomm/patched/mdm9x5x/NPRG9x55p.bin, device will reboot to 0x9008
• now use edl regulary such as edl printgpt (do not use loader option)

ZTE MF920V, Quectel, Telit, etc.. Modem

• run enableadb, or send to at port "AT+ZCDRUN=E", or send via qc_diag -sahara
• adb reboot edl
• edl printgpt -> To show the partition table

Run Diag port tools (examples)

For Oneplus 6T, enter #801# on dialpad, set Engineer Mode and Serial to on and try :

• qc_diag -vid 0x05c6 -pid 0x676c -interface 0 -info

Usage

• qc_diag -vid 0x1234 -pid 0x5678 -interface 0 -info -> Send cmd "00" and return info
• qc_diag -vid 0x1234 -pid 0x5678 -interface 0 -spc 303030303030 -> Send spc "303030303030"
• qc_diag -vid 0x1234 -pid 0x5678 -interface 0 -cmd 00 -> Send cmd "00" (hexstring)
• qc_diag -vid 0x1234 -pid 0x5678 -interface 0 -nvread 0x55 -> Display nvitem 0x55
• qc_diag -vid 0x1234 -pid 0x5678 -interface 0 -nvbackup backup.json -> Backup all nvitems to a json structured file
• qc_diag -vid 0x1234 -pid 0x5678 -interface 0 -efsread efs.bin -> Dump the EFS Modem partition to file efs.bin
• qc_diag -vid 0x1234 -pid 0x5678 -interface 0 -efslistdir / -> Display / directory listing of EFS

Issues

• Secure loader with SDM660 on Xiaomi not yet supported (EDL authentification)
• VIP Programming not supported (Contributions are welcome !)
• EFS directory write and file read has to be added (Contributions are welcome !)

Tested with

• Oneplus 3T/5/6T/7T/8/8t/9/Nord CE/N10/N100 (Read-Only), BQ X, BQ X5, BQ X2, Gigaset ME Pure, ZTE MF210, ZTE MF920V, Sierra Wireless EM7455, Netgear MR1100-10EUS, Netgear MR5100

Published under MIT license Additional license limitations: No use in commercial products without prior permit.

Enjoy !